No one likes the thought of surgery. It's something to hope to avoid for as long as possible yet becomes more inevitable as we age. Big or small, most surgeries require anaesthesia—the medical term for a state of controlled, temporary loss of sensation or awareness. And guess what? Based on medical articles, marijuana and anaesthesia DO NOT mix. Think twice before you smoke as a way to relax the night before surgery.
With the number of marijuana users on the rise, medical professionals and researchers are now realising that regular consumers may need more anaesthesia than those who don't participate. Keep reading to learn more about the relationship between marijuana and anaesthesia.
Based on a Study Led by Dr. Mark Twardowski…
While it's unclear who performed the very first study, the results of this examination — led by Dr. Mark Twardowski — suggest marijuana users require larger doses of anaesthesia. According to Reuters Health, "cannabis users needed more than twice as much of the anaesthetic propofol," as well as "14 percent more of the analgesic fentanyl and 20 percent more of the sedative midazolam."
The Four Types Of Anaesthesia
During a research study of our own, we learned that there are four types of anaesthesia.
- General anaesthesia is what people most often think of when they think of surgery. During general anaesthesia, you are unconscious and have no awareness or sensations. Many different medications may be used to achieve this.
- Regional anaesthesia makes an area of the body numb. It can completely block all sensations to the area of the body that requires surgery. This type is often used by the dentist.
- Monitored anaesthesia care refers to being kept under mild sedation. Medications are given, usually through an IV, to make the patient feel drowsy and relaxed.
- Local anaesthesia uses a needle to inject medications (most often lidocaine) into a smaller area, such as the thumb. Numbing cream may also be applied.
How to Calculate Anaesthesia Dosage
Thankfully, as the patient, it's never your job to determine how much anaesthesia you need. "Hello, doctor, I would like 10mg of anaesthesia, please!" Could you imagine a nightmare like that? Surgeons and doctors are professionally trained to calculate how much anaesthesia patients need based on a variety of factors. Age comes into play, as well as weight and the duration of the surgery itself.
"One unit of time is recorded for each 15-minute increment of anaesthesia time," according to Medical Business Management. "For example, for a 63-minute procedure, one would receive 4.2-time units (four-time units x 15 minutes plus 1/5th of a time unit, or 0.2)." All this math is already giving us a headache.
What To Tell Your Doctor
Based on Dr. Twardowski's findings, it now becomes crucial (and potentially life-saving) to tell your doctor that you regularly consume marijuana. If you smoked one blunt five years ago, you probably don't need to mention it. It never hurts to be as honest as possible with your doctor, especially before surgery. It's every person's nightmare to wake up during surgery and flop around on the table.
Yes, even surgeons acknowledge this fear. They can tell when a patient needs more anaesthesia based on their body twitches or if they become agitated. The correct dosage of anaesthesia will knock you right out without you realising it. "Usually you know you need more if the patient tells you they're feeling uncomfortable or you notice them starting to grimace or start shifting around on the table," Twardowski explained.
The Problem With Marijuana and Anaesthesia
Unfortunately, increasing a patient's anaesthesia could invite some medical setbacks and complications. It may push "the danger of shutting off a patient's respiration." Additionally, it's possible to build up a tolerance to anaesthesia—as with any substance. We can build up a tolerance to antibiotics, opioids, marijuana, alcohol, practically everything.
We Should Have Expected This…
After news outlets published Twardowski's study, other medical professionals chimed in on the matter. And nobody is surprised by the results. Dr. Ajay Wasan, a professor of anaesthesia and psychiatry at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, says, "Any kind of brain-altering substance can have an effect on another brain-altering drug." Might this suggest that frequent beer drinkers require less or more anaesthesia? What about coffee and caffeine? Or energy drinks? Technically, these could all be considered brain-altering substances.
We hope we didn't startle you with this study. Surgery is already shrouded with panic and anxiety as it is, and now we have yet another thing to over-think about. The good news is that doctors are aware of the connection between marijuana and anaesthesia, and they know how to respond once you're on the surgery table. The key takeaway here is to always be honest with your doctor about marijuana use.
